Egypt's "Red" Livingstone
Tuesday, July 26, 2005
Those of us in the West who have not had the icepick of multiculturalism inserted through our eyesockets and swirled around a bit in our brains can only look at the pronouncements of politicians like "Red" Ken Livingstone with amazement.
Last week, London's mayor, "Red" Ken Livingstone, said, "I don't just denounce the suicide bombers. I denounce those governments that use indiscriminate slaughter to advance their foreign policy" -- which presumably means Israel and the U.S. "The bombings would never have happened if the West had simply left the Arab nations alone in the wake of the First World War, rather than trying to control the flow of oil." You only have to imagine Rudolph Giuliani uttering these words to see the gap between British and American politics.This statement exemplifies a stunning papering-over not only of the moral difference between the Islamofascists (as initiators of the use of force) and the West (as using force only in self-defense), but also of the past half-century of the relationship between the West and the Middle East, and particularly with regard to the matter of oil. As Leonard Peikoff puts it in "End States Who Sponsor Terrorism" when describing the beginning of our downward spiral of appeasement of the Islamic world:
Fifty years of increasing American appeasement in the Mideast have led to fifty years of increasing contempt in the Muslim world for the U.S. The climax was September 11, 2001.
Fifty years ago, Truman and Eisenhower surrendered the West's property rights in oil, although that oil rightfully belonged to those in the West whose science, technology, and capital made its discovery and use possible. The first country to nationalize Western oil, in 1951, was Iran. The rest, observing our frightened silence, hurried to grab their piece of the newly available loot.
If one is looking for a reason, if not a motive, for "Red" Livingstone's willingness to spatter the West with rhetorical buckets of blood, one need only note the underlying similarity between his views as a socialist and those of the Islamists.
The cause of the U.S. silence was not practical, but philosophical. The Mideast's dictators were denouncing wealthy egotistical capitalism. They were crying that their poor needed our sacrifice; that oil, like all property, is owned collectively, by virtue of birth; and that they knew their viewpoint was true by means of otherworldly emotion. Our Presidents had no answer. Implicitly, they were ashamed of the Declaration of Independence. They did not dare to answer that Americans, properly, were motivated by the selfish desire to achieve personal happiness in a rich, secular, individualist society.If the West is in fact guilty of anything, it is of doing exactly what Livingstone says it should have done for a little too long. The West has not been doing enough, loosely speaking, to "control the flow of oil", which would have remained uninterrupted as a beneficial side-effect of what the West should have been fighting fiercely for from the start: individual rights. These rights include those of the stockholders and employees of the petrochemical companies.
But to a committed anti-capitalist like Livingstone, any action that might promote capitalism, regardless of its stated motivation is tainted. So Livingstone sees what is at best a battle between killers and thieves. Hence his amazing ability to continue insisting on moral equivalence between the West and the Islamofascists.
Via MEMRI I learned that Egypt has its own "Red" Livingstone as well, Egyptian MP (member of parliament) Hamadein Sabahi. Here is what he said during a television interview that would have made Michael Moore blush, about the recent killing of an Egyptian ambassador in Iraq. (This interview occurred before the resort bombing.)
Hamadein Sabahi: "The responsibility for the slaughter of [the Egyptian ambassador in Iraq] lies, first and foremost, with George Bush, his administration, and his military forces, occupying Iraq."Now remember: This is a government official talking. And rather than having to compare his beliefs with those of the Islamists (as we did with "Red" Livingstone) to understand his position, we need only listen, dumbfounded, as he explicitly states his ill-will towards America.
Host: "And who else is responsible?"
Sabahi: "The Egyptian government. It's directly responsible.
[…]
"Since the beginning of the crisis in Iraq, the Egyptian government's position was submissive, meek and contemptible. This position did not reflect the will of the Egyptian people, or the interests of the Arab nation. Rather, it has reflected submission to the American interests."
Host: "And who was the third killer?"
Sabahi: "The third killer is the collaborating puppet government, which has no legitimacy in Iraq.
[…]
Sabahi: "When the conflict is directed against the Americans, it is good. Any weapon that kills an American is good. Any gun aiming at the Marines is good. Any kidnapping or slaughtering of an American in Iraq is good."
This MP didn't show up in a news search concerning the recent bombing, but I'd love to hear what he had to say about it. Based on the above, he should sound like Livingstone, saying that Egypt brought it on itself. When even government officials -- the guys who are supposed to work to prevent terrorism -- are spouting off such nonsense, is it any wonder that their societies get attacked?
I have said before that the only significant obstacle to defeating the Islamofascists is a willingness to fight them. It is crucial that we in the West must stop supporting politicians like Livingstone, while working for democratization of the Middle East so the people there can reject his brothers-in-spirit.
-- CAV
Updates
7-27-05: Removed one parenthetical remark on the wider conflict between Islamofasicm and the West. Not correct on my part: The Egyptian MP was speaking here only of Iraq.
5 comments:
I agree with you and with Dr. Peikoff. However, I have read many Libertarian commentaries on this topic and they all say that the United States oil interests in the Middle East were never capitalistic. The will make the argument that from the begining companies like Standard Oil were granted monopoly privelages by Mid-Eastern governments; that these same oil companies were opposed to losing those monopolies and that the US government was both subsidising and protecting not the free market but what a libertarian will call the "wellfare / warfare" phenomenon. They will then bombard you with a thousan facts and figures. Chris Sciabarra and Arthur Silber are the best example of these arguments.
I am an ARI type of Objectivist, so I would be suspicious of the time of day if these two gave it to me. But I do not know enough about the history of US and western oil companies in relation to the Middle East. Do you think there is any truth to these arguments. If not in total, but in part? Could it be argued that the US involved itself in Mid-East politics to prop up US business (oil) interests in a region they should never have been in?
I'm sure the libertarian position is wrong, but could there be some elements that are valid but out of context?
Hi,
Thanks for your question. Before I address it, I will state that (1) I am almost wholly unfamiliar with Sciabarra, Silber, and other libertarians who have made the kind of argument you describe; (2) I am no expert on the Middle East; and (3) I won't let any of this stop me from taking a crack at the argument anyway!
As I understand the argument you put forth, two things stand out that need addressing separately. These are: (1) The objection to U.S. intervention in the Middle East is made on the basis of the fact that the oil companies had not been operating under conditions of laissez-faire capitalism. (2) Sciabarra and Silber snow the reader under with enormous amounts of factual data.
First, on the argument, which not coincidentally, resembles a standard leftist objection to our invasion of Iraq. ("Why Hussein? There are other dictators?" they'll whine, as if we don't have to start somewhere, or that we could do the whole job at once.)
A free country has the right, but not the obligation, to invade any nation that does not respect individual rights. When is such a nation's government obliged to do so? When the best interests of its people require it to. So to simplify my discussion, let's assume that the U.S. is not involved in a major war or otherwise distracted from the decision it faces in each of the three cases I'll use as an attempt to sketch out how I think the decison to intervene should be made. In any such case, the facts of the situation must be weighed in light of one principle: What response best served the interests of the United States?
(1) We should obviously invade on the basis of the confiscation.
An American oil company leases or buys mineral rights in a small, stable nation with a free economy. A coup occurs and the new dictator nationalizes the assets of the oil company. The same political party already holds sway over several neighboring states, but despite threats to do the same to other American oil companies there, no other nationalizations have happened yet.
The rights of some of our citizens have been violated and our national interests are clearly at stake. We have the right to invade and we should, if for no other reason than to discourage more trampling of the rights of American citizens in other countries.
(2) We should obviously not invade on the basis of the confiscation.
An American oil tycoon named Thumband Hammer is personal friends with -- and a fellow traveller -- of a dictator who promises him a 20% cut in the profits of his national oil company if Hammer will help him repair years of neglect and mismanagement. Hammer does so. Equipment is repaired. Oil refineries and pipelines are built. The national oil company returns to profitability. The dictator one day realizes that he could afford to build a huge monument to himself with the 20% of oil revenue he is handing over to Thumband Hammer, so he cuts Hammer off and, to keep his oil company viable, nationalizes everything brought in or built since the deal was made. The dictator has no visions of conquest. He merely wants to pretend that everyone in his small socialist paradise thinks of him as a father figure.
While we have the right to invade this country, there is no reason to do so solely based on Thumband Hammer's stupidity. And the country threatens no American but the one it just taught a lesson to.
(3) Other factors come into play.
Excelsior Oil makes a deal with a sheikh in a small country. The sheikh is very pro-Western and it appears that he will have firm control of his country for the
foreseeable future. He awards Excelsior a monopoly on oil exploration and recovery in his country in return for 50% of the profits. He is pro-Western, if unsophisticated in the ways of capitalism. His nation is a mixed economy, but protects individual rights on balance.
Then a Moslem cleric, let's call him "Mohammed", who is part of a fundamentalist sect that already runs much of the region, stages a coup and nationalizes Excelsior's assets since they "belong to God anyway." Other American companies operate in bordering states, which the same sect controls. The sect has made noise in the past about "God's oil belonging to God's people", but so far, this has just been talk. Now, the American companies outside this former sheikhdom are getting nervous.
What should the U.S. do? Allow the other oil companies to get robbed just because some sheikh granted a monopoly? Permit an entire region of the world to say, "Look!
America is a paper tiger! Do whatever you like to her citizens!" because an oil company accepted a government monopoly rather than insisting on a more valid arrangement?
No!
The completely right answer would be to invade and restore the assets of Excelsior. I'm inclined to think that since the American government esentially took over the country by invading it, it could also change Excelsior's arrangements into something other than a government-granted monopoly.
So what does all of this boil down to? I think that the objection you describe to the United States intervening on behalf of oil companies is simplistic at best and more likely dishonest. If a man robs someone (but does not threaten his life while doing so), do the police stand by and let his victim murder him? No. So how is it any different if an oil company makes an arrangement that would be illegal in a capitalist society? This is not an argument against our nation defending itself.
As to the blizard of facts, I suspect that this is a form of argumentation from authority or an attempt to distract the reader from a bad argument or both. Peter Singer does this in spades in Animal Liberation, when he makes an"argument" that animals have rights based on their capacity to "feel pain" and then shows page after page of disturbing (unappetizing?) pictures from the food animal industry. Lots of "evidence" indeed, but of what? This wasn't an army of facts marshalled in support of an argument, but a mob of them called forth to intimidate the unwary reader.
Hope that helps.
Gus
One more thing....
What I wrote over lunch was had for lunch by Blogger, so I had to reconstruct it.
The above is intended as a general argument focussed on the initial question of whether the U.S. should have "propped up" the oil companies in the first place. The situation has deteriorated so much since then that our reasons for invading now have little to do with oil, in the grand scheme of things.
I want to address your last question as well: "I'm sure the libertarian position is wrong, but could there be some elements that are valid but out of context?"
Yes. There could be, as I think I have indicated, individual facts that are true, but misapplied, by these libertarians.
Gus
Gus:
Thank you so much for taking the time to answer. I am relatively new to Objectivism coming from a libertarian background. I grew disillusioned with libertarianism when I started to notice the emphasis on the hatred of government instead of the emphasis on upholding rights. Also when I started to see the hysterical "blame America" for everything foreign policy. I went back to Ayn Rand and have been retraining my mind since. But unfortunately the stale old libertarian agruments still linger in my mind. Which is why I asked for help from someone who has a much better grasp of Objectivist politics than I do at this point.
I agree with your main points and actually feel encouraged because my suspicions ran along those lines. And you are right in seeing the similarities with leftist thought. It seems the libertarian foreign policy arguments are nearly identical to the liberal ones.
I truly enjoy reading your blog and in all probability will ask more questions in the future.
You're welcome. Thanks for stopping by!
Gus
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